Mustafa Emrah EVL\u0130YAO\u011eLU | Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Metotlar\u0131 | 24.10.2019<\/p>\n\n
Moda end\u00fcstrisinde \u201ckonseptten ma\u011fazaya\u201d uzanan s\u00fcre\u00e7 her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn zorlu hale geliyor. Bir taraftan da bu zorlu s\u00fcre\u00e7, moda e\u011filimleri, rekabet ve t\u00fcketici davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 etkenleriyle gittik\u00e7e h\u0131zlan\u0131yor. Moda markalar\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini art\u0131k daha h\u0131zl\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterileri ile bulu\u015fturmak zorundalar. Markalar \u00fcr\u00fcn geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 bu zorlu s\u00fcreci do\u011fru ve h\u0131zl\u0131 y\u00f6netebilmek i\u00e7in yeni i\u015f modelleri ve modern IT yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 deniyorlar. Product Lifecycle Management yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, \u00fcr\u00fcn geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecinde ya\u015fanan zorluklara \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olabilecek bir i\u015f modeli ve bir bilgi teknolojisi sunuyor. Bu literat\u00fcr \u00f6zeti, zorlu y\u00f6netim s\u00fcrecinde moda end\u00fcstrisi \u00fcr\u00fcn geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecinde Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na duyulan ihtiyac\u0131n tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n
Moda\nEnd\u00fcstrisi, \u00dcr\u00fcn Geli\u015ftirme, \u00dcr\u00fcn Y\u00f6netimi, Product Lifecycle Management, PLM.<\/p>\n\n
Moda \u015firketleri daha iyi m\u00fc\u015fteri\nodakl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnler sunmak i\u00e7in h\u0131zla ilerlemektedir ve hizmetler s\u00fcrekli artan\ngelirle pazar pay\u0131n\u0131 ve pazar boyutunu iyile\u015ftirmektedir. Bu nedenle, t\u00fcm \u00fcr\u00fcn\nya\u015fam d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc boyunca, m\u00fc\u015fteriler, geli\u015ftiriciler, tedarik\u00e7iler ve \u00fcreticiler\naras\u0131ndaki etkin i\u015f birli\u011fi en ileri rekabet\u00e7ilik i\u00e7in \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nemli hale\ngeliyor. (Ming ve ark., 2008)<\/p>\n\n
L\u00fcks segmentteki y\u00fcksek rekabet,\ns\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fen moda trendlerine ve tek bir sezonda t\u00fcketici taleplerinin\ndalgalanmas\u0131na neden oldu. Bu h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fen \u00e7evre, moda \u015firketlerinin \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde\n\u201cyenilik\u00e7ilik\u201d ve \u201cyenilenmi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u201d sa\u011flama yetenekleri konusunda rekabet\nedebilmeleri i\u00e7in s\u00fcrekli bir bask\u0131 olu\u015fturdu. (d\u2019Avolio ve ark., 2015) <\/p>\n\n
Sunulan farkl\u0131 unsurlar veya akt\u00f6rler\ng\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u201cmoda\u201d olarak adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00fcr\u00fcn, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\npiyasada kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131y\u0131 belirleyen farkl\u0131 a\u015famalar ve faaliyetler\naras\u0131ndaki karma\u015f\u0131k bir ili\u015fki sisteminin sonucu oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r ve bu karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k,\n\u00fcretim d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcne kat\u0131lan oyuncular aras\u0131ndaki entegrasyonu gerekli k\u0131ld\u0131. (D’Amico\nve ark., 2013)<\/p>\n\n
Mevcut rekabet ortam\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde\nbulundurarak, ba\u015far\u0131n\u0131n kilit fakt\u00f6r\u00fc, moda firmalar\u0131n\u0131n piyasaya yeni bir \u015fey\n\u00f6nerme h\u0131z\u0131 ve ayn\u0131 zamanda pazar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na cevap verme h\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r: buna \u201cfast\nfashion\u201d denir. Fast fashion, giyim end\u00fcstrisindeki son makro trendlerden\nbiridir ve bu terim, yeni bir trendin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 an ve modaya uygun \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\nma\u011fazalarda mevcut oldu\u011fu an aras\u0131ndaki k\u0131sa zaman fark\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder. Fast\nfashion, geleneksel iki koleksiyon modelini, \u00e7ok say\u0131da k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck koleksiyon i\u00e7eren\nyeni bir modelle de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. (D’Amico ve ark., 2013)<\/p>\n\n
Bir “fast fashion” firmas\u0131,\npiyasa taleplerine g\u00f6re zaman i\u00e7inde de\u011fi\u015fen bir koleksiyona yat\u0131r\u0131m yapar,\nhedefini ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kendi pazar stilini ve kendi markas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok net bir\n\u015fekilde tan\u0131mlar. Ayr\u0131ca, y\u00fcksek \u00fcr\u00fcn rotasyonu ve azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f finansal efor,\nh\u0131zl\u0131 bir moda firmas\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00e7ok markal\u0131 sat\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in yads\u0131namaz\navantajlar sunar. (D’Amico ve ark., 2013).<\/p>\n\n
H\u0131zl\u0131 moda \u015firketleri sadece moda\ntasar\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kullanmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda yeni modeller \u00f6neren alt\ntedarik\u00e7iler ve s\u0131k s\u0131k yeni stilistik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlere ilham veren m\u00fc\u015fteriler \/\nbayiler gibi \u00fcretim zincirinde yer alan di\u011fer oyuncular\u0131n katk\u0131lar\u0131ndan\nyararlan\u0131rlar. (D’Amico ve ark., 2013).<\/p>\n\n
G\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor ki, moda \u00fcreticileri, l\u00fcks\nsegmenttekiler ve fast fashion moda markalar\u0131 i\u00e7in ortak zorluk \u00e7ok akt\u00f6r\u00fcn\nkat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecindeki t\u00fcm operasyonlar\u0131 olabildi\u011fince h\u0131zl\u0131 ve\ndo\u011fru y\u00f6netebilmek. <\/p>\n\n
Moda end\u00fcstrisinde \u00fcr\u00fcn geli\u015ftirme,\nfarkl\u0131 gereksinimlere sahip farkl\u0131 \u0130\u015f birimleri taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen farkl\u0131\n\u00fcr\u00fcn kategorilerini (giyim, ayakkab\u0131, ev tekstili, deri \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, kuma\u015flar,\ntrimler) i\u00e7erebilir.<\/p>\n\n
\u00dcr\u00fcn geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcreci, \u00fcr\u00fcn\ntasar\u0131m\u0131, prototipleme, numune ve \u00fcretim gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli stratejik s\u00fcre\u00e7leri\ni\u00e7eren bir makro s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. Tek bir s\u00fcrecin \u00f6nemi her i\u015f ba\u011flam\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015febilir:\n\u00f6rne\u011fin, bir \u015firket prototip olu\u015fturma i\u015flemiyle ilgili bilgileri izlememeye\nkarar verebilir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre gerektirir ve bir sonraki numune a\u015famas\u0131na\nge\u00e7i\u015f \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131d\u0131r. (d\u2019Avolio ve ark.).<\/p>\n\n
Konfeksiyon \u00fcr\u00fcnleri, prototipleme,\nnumune ve \u00f6n \u00fcretime kadar \u00fcr\u00fcn stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn belirlenmesinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda birka\u00e7\nfitting seans\u0131 gerektirir. Dahas\u0131, modelleme g\u00f6revi kritiktir. Numune\na\u015famas\u0131nda, \u00fcr\u00fcn ana bedeni geli\u015ftirilirken, koleksiyon \u00fcretim i\u00e7in\nonayland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda t\u00fcm bedenlerin belirlenmesi gereklidir. \u00dcretim a\u015famas\u0131nda ise bu\nnotlar\u0131 ve fittingleri gittik\u00e7e art\u0131r\u0131r. (d\u2019Avolio ve ark., 2015).<\/p>\n\n
Moda \u015firketlerinin \u00e7o\u011fu, y\u0131lda iki\nkez katalog gibi farkl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri tasarlar, pazarlama departmanlar\u0131ndan\ntalepler ve spesifikasyonlar al\u0131rlar. \u015eirketlerin kataloglar\u0131, sipari\u015flerin\ntopland\u0131\u011f\u0131 moda g\u00f6sterileri s\u0131ras\u0131nda sunulur. Bunlar h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde\n\u00fcretilmeli ve daha sonra k\u00fcresel olarak da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. (Bandinelli ve ark.,\n2013).<\/p>\n\n
\u00dcr\u00fcn Ya\u015fam D\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc Y\u00f6netimi (PLM)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n \u00dcr\u00fcn Ya\u015fam D\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc Y\u00f6netimi (PLM)\ni\u015flevi, firmalara \u00fcretim zincirinde yer alan konular aras\u0131nda meydana gelen\nili\u015fkileri yeterli ve etkili bir \u015fekilde ele almak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f\nmekanizmalar sa\u011flayan bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. PLM, t\u00fcm ya\u015fam d\u00f6ng\u00fcleri boyunca \u00fcr\u00fcn planlama,\ngeli\u015ftirme ve y\u00f6netim a\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131 desteklemek i\u00e7in bilgi, s\u00fcre\u00e7 ve \u00fcretim\ngirdilerini y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in stratejik bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. PLM ara\u00e7lar\u0131 havac\u0131l\u0131k ve\notomotiv sekt\u00f6rlerinde ba\u015far\u0131yla uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve son y\u0131llarda kullan\u0131mlar\u0131\ndi\u011fer pazarlara da yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (D’Amico ve ark., 2013).<\/p>\n\n Moda end\u00fcstrisinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak bir PLM\nsistemi, t\u00fcm \u00fcr\u00fcn ya\u015fam d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn etkin ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde y\u00f6netilmesine\nkatk\u0131da bulunan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki unsurlar\u0131 i\u00e7ermelidir: (D’Amico ve ark., 2013).<\/p>\n\n \u25aa \u00dcr\u00fcn Veri Y\u00f6netimi;<\/p>\n\n \u25aa \u00dcr\u00fcn Yap\u0131s\u0131 Y\u00f6netimi;<\/p>\n\n \u25aa Konfig\u00fcrasyon Y\u00f6netimi;<\/p>\n\n \u25aa De\u011fi\u015fim Y\u00f6netimi Takibi;<\/p>\n\n \u25aa \u0130\u015f Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 Y\u00f6netimi;<\/p>\n\n \u25aa Katalog K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi;<\/p>\n\n \u25aa Tedarik Zinciri Y\u00f6netimi.<\/p>\n\n Bu unsurlar\u0131n birbirine kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 g\u00f6z\n\u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, PLM, moda \u015firketleri i\u00e7in, karakterize edildikleri\nkarma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilece\u011finden \u00e7ok faydal\u0131 olabilir:\n(D’Amico ve ark., 2013).<\/p>\n\n \u25aa Farkl\u0131 tedarik bile\u015fenlerinin inovasyon seviyesinden kaynaklanan tedarik de\u011fi\u015fkenli\u011fi;<\/p>\n\n \u25aa Belirli bir koleksiyondaki \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ve bunlar\u0131n bile\u015fenlerinin (modeller, kuma\u015f, beden ve renk) \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi;<\/p>\n\n \u25aa Moda firmas\u0131n\u0131n perakendeciye sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hizmetin \u00f6nemi: Arz \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak artan karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fcretim d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc uzunlu\u011fu ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla sunulan hizmetin seviyesi \u00fczerinde etkisi\nolmas\u0131;<\/p>\n\n \u25aa Teslim s\u00fcresini azaltma ihtiyac\u0131;<\/p>\n\n \u00dcretim zincirinin i\u00e7inde ve d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda\nyer alan konular aras\u0131nda i\u015fbirli\u011fi ve bilgi payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, geli\u015ftirme, \u00fcretim ve\nda\u011f\u0131t\u0131m s\u00fcre\u00e7leri i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Ayr\u0131ca, bir PLM sistemi, \u00fcretim\nzincirinin i\u00e7inde ve d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan konular i\u00e7in ileti\u015fimi kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve\nilgili maliyetleri azalt\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle, PLM firmalar\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki faydalar\u0131 elde\netmelerine izin verecektir: (D’Amico ve ark., 2013).<\/p>\n\n \u25aa Pazara \u00fcr\u00fcn sunma s\u00fcresinde azalma;<\/p>\n\n \u25aa Maliyetlerde d\u00fc\u015fme.<\/p>\n\n PLM olgunlu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sonu\u00e7lar,\n\u015firketlerin PLM uygulamas\u0131nda departman seviyesinden organizasyon seviyesine\nge\u00e7i\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. \u0130\u015f \/ BT uyumu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclen\nvakalar \u201cinsan ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u201d boyutunda bir eksiklik oldu\u011funu ortaya koyuyor, insan\nfakt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn PLM gibi teknik k\u00f6kenli kavramlardaki \u00f6nemini vurguluyor. PLM’in\nayr\u0131ca kurum \u00e7ap\u0131nda bir sistem ve konsept olarak k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olarak\nyerle\u015ftirilmesi gerekti\u011fini de do\u011fruluyor. (d\u2019Avolio ve ark., 2015).<\/p>\n\n Moda\nend\u00fcstrisinin h\u0131zl\u0131 ve zorlu \u00fcr\u00fcn geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecinin, rekabet ve t\u00fcketici\ndavran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n etkileri ile birlikte, do\u011fru bir i\u015f modeli ve modern bir IT\nyakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ile y\u00f6netilmesi gerekmektedir. <\/p>\n\n Moda\nmarkalar\u0131n\u0131n pazara daha h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn sunma, maliyetlerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme, s\u00fcrecin t\u00fcm\nakt\u00f6rlerini ayn\u0131 vizyon ile birbirine entegre etme ve s\u00fcre\u00e7te olu\u015fan b\u00fcy\u00fck\nveriyi en iyi \u015fekilde y\u00f6netme zorunlulu\u011fu ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n Bu nokta hem bir y\u00f6netim yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 hem de bir bilgi sistemi olarak PLM moda markalar\u0131 i\u00e7in arad\u0131klar\u0131 modern \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. <\/p>\n\n Kaynak\u00e7a:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n Bandinelli, R., Rinaldi, R.,\nRossi, M., & Terzi, S. (2013). New product development in the fashion\nindustry: An empirical investigation of Italian firms. International\nJournal of Engineering Business Management<\/em>, 5<\/em>(Godi\u0161te 2013),\n5-31.<\/p>\n\n D’Amico, S., Giustiniano,\nL., Nenni, M. E., & Pirolo, L. (2013). Product Lifecycle Management as a\ntool to create value in the fashion system. International Journal of\nEngineering Business Management<\/em>, 5<\/em>, 33.<\/p>\n\n d\u2019Avolio, E., Bandinelli,\nR., & Rinaldi, R. The need for Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) in the\nfashion industry: a case study analysis.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n d\u2019Avolio, E., Bandinelli,\nR., & Rinaldi, R. (2015). Towards PLM maturity assessment in the fashion\nindustry. Proceedings of the Summer School Francesco Turco, Issue\nIndustrial Systems Engineering<\/em>, <\/p>\n\n Ming, X. G., Yan, J. Q.,\nWang, X. H., Li, S. N., Lu, W. F., Peng, Q. J., & Ma, Y. S. (2008).\nCollaborative process planning and manufacturing in product lifecycle\nmanagement. Computers in Industry<\/em>, 59<\/em>(2-3), 154-166.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Moda end\u00fcstrisinde \u201ckonseptten ma\u011fazaya\u201d uzanan s\u00fcre\u00e7 her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn zorlu hale geliyor. Bir taraftan da bu zorlu s\u00fcre\u00e7, moda e\u011filimleri, rekabet ve t\u00fcketici davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 etkenleriyle gittik\u00e7e h\u0131zlan\u0131yor. Moda markalar\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini art\u0131k daha h\u0131zl\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterileri ile bulu\u015fturmak zorundalar. Markalar \u00fcr\u00fcn geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 bu zorlu s\u00fcreci do\u011fru ve h\u0131zl\u0131 y\u00f6netebilmek i\u00e7in yeni i\u015f modelleri ve modern IT yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 deniyorlar. Product Lifecycle Management yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, \u00fcr\u00fcn geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecinde ya\u015fanan zorluklara \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olabilecek bir i\u015f modeli ve bir bilgi teknolojisi sunuyor. Bu literat\u00fcr \u00f6zeti, zorlu y\u00f6netim s\u00fcrecinde moda end\u00fcstrisi \u00fcr\u00fcn geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecinde Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na duyulan ihtiyac\u0131n tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10033,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[82,81],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10036","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fashion-retail-en","category-plm-en"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myyazilim.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10036","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myyazilim.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myyazilim.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myyazilim.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myyazilim.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10036"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/www.myyazilim.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10036\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10169,"href":"https:\/\/www.myyazilim.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10036\/revisions\/10169"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myyazilim.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10033"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.myyazilim.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10036"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myyazilim.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10036"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.myyazilim.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10036"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}SONU\u00c7<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n